The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL / ˈvɪksəl /) is a type of semiconductor laser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (also called in-plane lasers) which emit from surfaces. The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL / ˈvɪksəl /) is a type of semiconductor laser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (also called in-plane lasers) which emit from surfaces. The vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL / ˈvɪksəl /) is a type of semiconductor laser diode with laser beam emission perpendicular from the top surface, contrary to conventional edge-emitting semiconductor lasers (also called in-plane lasers) which emit from surfaces formed by cleaving. A Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) is a type of semiconductor-based laser diode that emits light perpendicular from its top surface. Unlike traditional edge-emitting lasers, VCSELs emit the laser beam vertically, revolutionizing optical communication and optoelectronic technology. Their outstanding properties, such as high efficiency in converting electrical energy into photons, excellent reliability, small footprint, modulation. A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) emits light that is perpendicular to the semiconductor wafer surface. The laser resonator consists of a thin active region with one or several very thin (quantum well) amplifying layers sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). It is a light source used in low-speed and 100G short-distance transmission, providing low-cost, low-power and high-density solutions for data centers and network communications. However, most current topological lasers demand complex design and expensive.