Most of the bus faults involve one phase and ground, but faults are caused by many causes and a great number are interphase clear of ground. A phase-to-phase (P-P) fault is a type of short circuit where two of a system's live conductors make direct electrical contact, bypassing the intended load. The following is a detailed comparative analysis of the definition, characteristics. Following are some of the characteristic 'signatures' of a phase to phase fault. See the oscillograph below to better understand these concepts. Effects on Voltage Effects on Current The following waveform were recorded on the 12. Policy regarding fault clearance times required from busbar protection varies from utility to utility. Due to the fact that the short-circuit levels of bus bars. Line protection concepts, such as overcurrent and distance arrangements, satisfy this requirement, even though short circuits in the busbar zone are cleared after certain time delay.
[PDF Version]